CARPENTRY TRAINING MANUAL
 

FORWARD

Before a Carpenter can begin his work, he must have a complete set of constructions or prints. He or she must be familiar with how the drawings are prepared and how to read the the specifications to comply with carpentry requirements.

Chapter 1. Construction Drawings

Architectural Symbols, Line and Material Conventions

Working Drawings 
● Site Plans
● Elevations
● Floor Plans

Detail Drawings
● Sections
● Details

Wood Framing Drawings
● Light Wood Framing
● Heavy Wood Framing
 

Chapter 2: Construction Planning and Materials

Planning

● Built-in-Place Method

● Panel Method

Materials

●Lumber

●Hardware

Chapter 3: Bills of Materials

Materials Takeoff List
Materials Estimate List
Bill of Materials Format

Chapter 4: Building Layout and Foundation

Layout
● Laying Out a Rectangular Building Site
● Laying Out an Irregular Building Site
● Setting Batter Boards
● Extending Lines
● Squaring Lines

Foundations
● Wall Foundations
● Column or Post Foundations

Chapter 5. Forms for Concrete

Form Design

Form Construction
● Foundation and Footing Forms
● Wall Forms
● Column Forms
● Beam and Girder Forms
● Floor Forms
● Stair Forms

Form Removal
 

Chapter 6. Rough Framing

Types of Framing
● Light Framing
● Heavy Framing
● Expedient Framing

Connections
●Joints
●Splices

Sills
● Platform Construction
● Balloon-Framed Construction
● Braced-Framing Sills
● Built-Up Sills

Girders
● Size Requirements
● Load Area
● Floor Load
● Built-Up Girders
● Splicing
● Girder Supports
● Girder Forms

Flooring
● Floor Joists
● Floor Joists for Platform Construction
● Floor Bridging
● Floor Openings
● Sub floors
● Finish Floors

Walls and Partitions
● Corner Posts
● Partition Posts
● Studs
● Girths
● Top Plate and Sole Plate
● Bridging
● Plumbed Posts and Straightened Walls
● Bracing
● Exterior Walls

Ceilings

Wall Openings
● Stovepipes
● Ventilators

Stairways
● Stairway Framing
● Risers and Treads
 

Chapter 7. Roof Systems and Coverings

Roof Framing
● Roofing Terms
● Rafters
● Trusses

Roof Openings

Roof Decking

Roof Coverings
● Asphalt and Asbestos-Cement Roofing
● Built-Up Roofing Material

Re-Roofing
● Asphalt-Shingle Roofs
● Asphalt-Prepared Roll Roofing
● Built-Up Roofs
● Slate Roofs
● Asbestos-Cement Roofs
● Metal Roofs
● Wood-Shingle Roofs

Chapter 8. Doors and Windows

Doors
● Types of Doors
● Door Frames
● Swing
● Door Hardware
● Door Installation
● Lock Installation

Windows
● Window Frames
● Window Sashes

Accessories
● Window Screens
● Door Screens
● Hoods and Canopies

Chapter 9. Finish Carpentry

Interior Wall and Partition Coverings
● Plywood and Fiberboard
● Sheetrock

Base Molding

Ceiling Coverings
● Sheetrock
● Plywood
● Fiberboard

Ceiling Moldings

Chapter 10. Nonstandard Fixed Bridge

Bridge Classification

Substructure
● Abutments
● Intermediate Supports
● Bracing
● Construction Procedures

Superstructure
● Stringers
● Flooring
● Curtis
● Handrails
● Sidewalks
● End Dam

Chapter 11. Timber-Pile Wharves

Types of Wharves

Types of Piles
● Bearing Piles
● Fender Piles
● Mooring Piles

Installation of Piles
● Using Special Tools
● Straightening Piles
● Cutting Piles
● Capping Timber Piles
● Bracing Piles

Wharf Superstructure
● Stringers
● Decking
● String-pieces
● Fender Piles and Chocks
● Pile Clusters and Corner Fenders
● Floating Log Fenders (Camels)
● Pile-Mooring Dolphins

Docking Hardware
● Hardware Installation
● Anchorages for Hardware

Appendix A. Conversion Tables

Length
Area
Linear Measure

Appendix B. Carpentry Abbreviations and Symbols

Abbreviations
Symbols
● Architectural
● Plumbing
● Electrical

Appendix C. Manpower Estimates

Appendix D. General Information

Floor and Wall Tile
● Resilient Floor Tile
● Ceramic and Other Specialty Tiles

Suspended Ceilings
 

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 CARPENTRY COURSE I

US Army Engineer School
7 credit hours COURSE OVERVIEW

This manual will teach you the basic skills of an Army Carpenter and the building materials and tools you use. Included are instructions on construction prints, building materials, hand tools, and power machinery.

You learn how to read, understand,  and interpret construction prints (also called working drawings); to identify, use, and requisition building materials; and to care for and use hand tools and power machinery.

There are no prerequisites for this course.

Includes Practice Tests and answers.

Course 1 in 3 part series with exams, answers and many illustrations.

Lesson 1.  Construction Prints - Building Materials
● Part A: Construction Prints for Buildings
● Part B: Bill of Materials (BOMs)
● Part C: Building Materials
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key

Lesson 2. Tools and Equipment
● Part A: Care and Use of Hand Tools
● Part B: Care and Use of Power Machinery
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key
Examination

 CARPENTRY COURSE II

Lesson 1. Floor Construction
● Part A: Floor Framing
● Part B: Sub flooring
● Part C: Finish Flooring
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key
 

Lesson 2. Wall-System - Stairway Construction
● Part A: Framing Members
● Part B: Wall Sheathing
● Part C: Moldings
● Part D: Stairs
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key
 

Lesson 3. Roof Construction
● Part A: Roof Types
● Part B: Framing Members
● Part C: Roof-Covering Material
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key


APPENDIX A: Acronyms List
APPENDIX B: Recommended Reading

 CARPENTRY COURSE III

US Army Engineer School
11 credit hours COURSE OVERVIEW

This course concludes the instruction on carpentry. It discusses the requirements for competent cabinet work, explaining the kinds and selections of woods, the classification and uses of woodworking joints, and standards. The selection of materials for constructing wooden articles, assembling of parts into units, steps taken in a final inspection are presented in sequence.

Woodworking plays an important role in our industrial world. Before the introduction of power-driven machinery, the carpenter did all of his shaping and assembling by hand. Today, in our era of machine production, specialized carpentry has assumed more important roles than ever before. In spite of all the new creations of our inventors and scientists, there is still a constant demand for specialized carpenters in the carpentry field.
Whether you intend to use your woodworking skills as a career or as a hobby, you will experience the satisfaction of making things out of wood. The urge and desire to build never leaves us. In fact, as we grow older the desire grows stronger.
The previous memorandums of this course were devoted to the fundamental building procedures for exterior and interior construction and carpentry tools and equipment. This volume will acquaint you with cabinetwork, prefabricated buildings, heavy timber construction, and sawmill operation.

Course 3 in 3 part series with exams, answers and many illustrations.


Lesson 1. Cabinetwork
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key

Lesson 2. Prefabricated Buildings
● Practice Exercise

Lesson 3. Heavy Timber Construction
● Practice Exercise Exam
● Answer Key

Lesson 4. Sawmill Operation


 

CONSTRUCTION PRINT READING

US Army Engineer School
10 credit hours COURSE OVERVIEW

There are five lessons and an examination.

Construction print reading is a key skill for technical students.
Fortunately, a formal education is not essential for achieving proficiency in this important subject.

This course is designed to include all printed material necessary and consists of five lessons and an examination.

Lesson 1. Principles and Methods

LESSON OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this lesson n Principles and Methods, you should be able to accomplish the following in the
indicated topic areas:
1. Line Conventions. Interpret the established line conventions and symbols used on engineering drawings.
2. Projections. Explain the principles of orthographic projections, perspective drawings, and isometric
projections.
3. Orthographic Drawings. Describe the fundamentals of orthographic drawings, and how they are used to
construct objects.
4. Special Views. List and describe the various special views used to supplement an orthographic drawing,
including sections and auxiliaries.
5. Reproduction of Construction Prints. List and explain the different methods used to reproduce construction
prints.
6. Construction Print Format. Describe the format of a construction print.
7. Fundamentals of Interpretation. Interpret simple orthographic drawings by relating them to the isometric
views of the objects.

Lesson 2. Architectural Drawings

LESSON OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this lesson on Architectural Drawings, you should be able to accomplish the following
in the indicated topic areas:
1. Working Drawings. List the components of a set of construction working drawings.
2. Symbols and Conventions. Identify common architectural symbols and conventions used on construction
prints.
3. Types of Drawings. Describe and explain the purpose of site plans, elevations, floor plans, and foundation
pans.
4. Framing Drawings. Explain the framing methods used in wood construction and how they are shown on
framing drawings for floors, roofs, walls, sections, and details.
5. Concrete and Masonry. Describe concrete and masonry methods and how they are depicted on construction
drawings.
6. Structural Drawings. Explain types of steel structural members used in military construction, methods of
fabrication and assembly, and the types of structural drawings used for steel construction.

Lesson 3. Utilities Drawings

LESSON OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this lesson on Utilities Drawings, you should be able to accomplish the following in the
indicated topic areas:
1. Water Supply and Distribution. Discuss the elements of a typical water supply waste and distribution system
used in military field installations.
2. Plumbing Symbols. Identify the symbols used on plumbing plans for piping, fittings, valves, and fixtures for
water distribution and waste disposal.
3. Sewerage System Plans. Describe and interpret simple plumbing and sewerage system plans.
4. Electrical Distribution System. Explain power transmission and distribution systems as used in military
installations.
5. Interior Wiring. Identify the components of an interior wiring system and the symbols used for them on
wiring diagrams.
6. Electrical Plans. Describe and interpret simple electrical plans.

Lesson 4. Heating, Air-Condition, Refrigeration Drawings

LESSON OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this lesson of Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Drawings, you should be able
to accomplish the following in the indicated topic areas:
1. Elements of Heating Systems. List the basic elements of hot-water and warm-air heating systems and explain
their functions.
2. Heating Element Symbols. Identify the graphic symbols used for heating system elements and interpret the
heating elements symbols used on plumbing or heating system plans.
3. Air-Conditioning System Units. Describe the units which make up an air-conditioning system and how they
function.
4. Air-Conditioning System Symbols. Identify common symbols for air-conditioning system components and
interpret the meaning of these symbols as used on plans to indicate air-conditioning.
5. Refrigeration Elements Symbols. Identify symbols used for elements of refrigerated structures and interpret
the representation of refrigeration systems on drawings.

Lesson 5. Bills of Materials

LESSON OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this lesson on Bills of Materials, you should be able to accomplish the following in the
indicated topic areas:
1. Terminology. Define the term "bill of materials."
2. Organization of Bills of Materials. Describe the organization of a bill of materials.
3. Reading Bills of Materials. Read a bill of materials for a construction project to determine quantities needed
for each type of material.